The periodontium also known as marginal periodontium is the supporting structure of a tooth, helping to attach the tooth to surrounding tissues and to allow sensations of touch and pressure the word comes from the greek terms peri, meaning around and odons, meaning tooth. The relationship between the teeth and their supporting tissues is complex, involving multiple systems. The periodontal ligament journal of oral health and dental. Then you can start reading kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer. Tissues and cells of the periodontium hassell 1993. Untreated conditions can result in severe pain, localized, and systemic infections and result in partial or complete loss of teeth. The developmental process and anatomy of the ligament is quite complex and some aspects are still unknown, which will be mentioned, for example the way that ligament lineages develop and are regulated have yet to be clarified. Oral structures and types of teeth jordan university of. Initial cementum formation occurs concomitantly with root formation. The anatomy and physiology of the healthy periodontium. Material and methods gross anatomy observations were carried out on human skulls and human permanent teeth. Anatomy of the periodontium flashcards from courtney kasts the ohio state university college of dentistry. Pages in category human mouth anatomy the following 35 pages are in this category, out of 35 total.
Anatomy of the periodontium the periodontium is an anatomic unit which functions to attach the tooth to the jaw and provide a suspensory apparatus resilient to normal functional forces. Tissues of the periodontium foundations of periodontics. Defined as a group of such tissues that support and surround the teeth. Thus, the periodontium comprises four different tissues, e. Periodontal tissues include four defined structures. Conclusion the periodontium is the foundation for the dentition.
The developmental aspects of the periodontium was investigated in rat pups, on the histological sections of the developing maxillae, mandibles, lower and upper teeth. Development, structure, and function of periodontal. Visualization of the human periodontium using serial thin section contact radiography. It is formed by the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum, and. The primary functions of the periodontium are to allow the tooth to be attached to the bone and to provide a barrier for the underlying structures from the oral microflora.
Anatomy the periodontium is the attachment apparatus of the tooth. The periodontium is the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth. Week 4 most common dental diseases affecting teeth and periodontium diseases affecting the dentition and its surrounding structures have a profound influence on the patient and hisher health. Enter your mobile number or email address below and well send you a link to download the free kindle app. Keratinization of the human gingiva in the menstrual cycle.
The anatomy of the primary teeth is similar to that of permanent teeth except. Periodontium periodontium anatomy, medical imaging and. Only oxytalan fibres are found in the human pdl, but the gingival ligament also has fibre bundles which may be linked to elaunin fibres. Anatomy of the periodontium flashcards by courtney. The dorsum of the tongue, covered by specialized mucosa. Literally taken, it means that which is around the tooth. The periodontium is composed of four different tissue types, the gingiva, alveolar bone. Pulp and periodontal anatomy and physiology essential. The material included 12 teeth in 10 patients with advanced periodontal disease. Structure of periodontal tissues in health and disease. The periodontium is the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones.
Upon completion of the crown, the cervical loop of the enamel organ, consisting of the inner and outer enamel epithelia, exhibits significant cell proliferation and grows in an apical direction, forming hertwigs epithelial root sheath and the epithelial diaphragm figs. Periodontal peri around and odontos tooth is a functional system of tissue that surrounds the teeth and makes them jaw bone fig. The anatomy and physiology of the healthy periodontium 21 evaluated since interventional therapy may not be warranted if the tissues have not settled to the lower apical level. Structure and physiology of the periodontium pocket. In the periodontally healthy individual, the sulcus is mm deep in humans and dogs. Periodontium is defined as a set of toothsupporting tissues including the cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and gingiva. Role of wnt signaling in the biology of the periodontium. On the periodontal is also called supporting tissues of the teeth and attachment apparatus. Maintaining the teeth in a state of health is of utmost importance for complete digestion and nutrition. The periodontium, literally around the tooth, comprises the tissues that invest and support the teeth in the maxilla and mandible. Periodontium refers to the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones it consists of four principal components namely. Development of human periodontium 1 osteoblast bone.
The alveolar bone supports the teeth and is covered by gingival tissue. This definition incorporates text from a public domain edition of grays anatomy 20th u. Perio week 1 ch 14 part 2 microscopic anatomy of the periodontium. Healthy periodontium consists of tissues that support the teeth, including alveolar bone, the gingiva, and the outer layer of the tooth roots covered with cementum divided into. The periodontium is a complex structure composed of the gingiva, periodontal ligament pdl, cementum, and alveolar bone. The anatomy and physiology of the healthy periodontium will be described in its. The gingiva and the covering of the hard palate, termed the masticatory mucosa the gingiva is the part of the oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. In this image, we can visualize the structures in place. This paper will explore the origin and development of the periodontal ligament pdl, its anatomical structure and function. Hydrogen sulfide induces apoptosis in human periodontium.
New attachment formation in the human periodontium by guided tissue regeneration. Kurylo, jonathan hurng, feifei yang, lynn yang, arvin pal. It is formed by the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum, and oral mucosa. Development of human periodontium 1 free download as powerpoint presentation. Diseases of the periodontium occurs in the childhood, adolescence and early adulthood, but the prevalence of periodontal diseases and. The periodontium is a complex structure composed of the gingiva, periodontal ligament pdl, cementum, and alveolar bone figure 111. Oral anatomy, histology and embryology, 4th edition, by. New attachment formation in the human periodontium by. Following flap elevation, scaling, root planing and removal of granulation tissue, a. Figure 4 normal human gingiva stained with the periodic acidschiff pas histochemical method. The blood supply to the periodontal membrane of 84 human tooth sockets was studied by determining the number and size of the perforations in the alveolar wall.
Fiorellini and others published anatomy of the periodontium find, read and cite all the research you need on. The basement membrane b is seen between the epithelium e and the underlying connective tissue c. The following landmarks are crucial to the understanding of the support structures of the tooth and the aetiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. In this section were going to discuss the form and function of the periodontium. In the epithelium, glycoprotein material occurs in cells and cell membranes of the superficial hornified h and underlying granular layers g. Periodontium, a developmentaal and functional unit. The portion between the cortical plates is called trabecular or cancellous bone. Visualization of the human periodontium using serial thin.
Periodontal ligament, oral biology, development, structure, anatomy, function introduction the periodontal ligament is a unique specialised connective tissue between the cementum covering the tooth root and the alveolar bone. Development, anatomy and function rabia dean kings college london, united kingdom abstract this paper will explore the origin and development of the periodontal ligament pdl, its anatomical structure and function. Perio week 1 ch 14 part 2 microscopic anatomy of the. It resembles a sponge in appearance and has many irregular spaces. It is made up of gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone fig. Dentin is the largest structural component of human tooth. Periodontal anatomy dental hygiene denhyg 1114 with. Fiorellini and others published anatomy of the periodontium find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Anatomy and physiology of the periodontium flashcards. The oral mucous membrane lining the remainder of the oral cavity. Not only do the teeth serve several functions in the chewing process, but they also affect our speech and appearance. The inner and outer surfaces of the bone are made up of dense cortical plates. Introduction to dental anatomy this continuing education course is intended for dental students and dental hygiene students. Article histological structure of the human and rodent.